备选平台

Kraken 备选平台 — 证据比较

备选平台用于证据比较，不是推荐。纳入是因为公开证据属性与 Kraken 不同 — 不是因为 Kraken “不好”，也不是因为商业关系。

为何纳入这些平台

每个候选至少在一项已发布证据属性上与 Kraken 不同（监管、法律实体映射、储备证明、托管、地域记录、产品或完整度）。选择由公开快照决定。

监管证据托管模式储备证明可得性产品收录公开记录完整度法域

监管证据地域记录产品收录公开记录完整度法域

监管证据托管模式地域记录产品收录公开记录完整度法域

— Regulatory records on file: Kraken 1 (exact IDs 1) vs Binance 4 (exact IDs 4).
— Custody claim records: Kraken 1 vs Binance 3.
— Geographic restriction records: Kraken 16 vs Binance 3.
— Product records: Kraken 5 vs Binance 4 (overlap 3).

监管证据储备证明可得性费用透明度地域记录产品收录公开记录完整度法域

监管证据储备证明可得性费用透明度地域记录产品收录公开记录完整度法域

— Regulatory records on file: Kraken 1 (exact IDs 1) vs Coinbase 2 (exact IDs 2).
— PoR snapshots on file: Kraken 1 vs Coinbase 0 (PoR ≠ audit).
— Fee snapshots on file: Kraken 2 vs Coinbase 1.
— Geographic restriction records: Kraken 16 vs Coinbase 5.

未决问题与缺失领域保持未知。空单元格不是安全结论。

Kraken: 已确认状态页。本阶段未结构化带日期的重大事件。
OKX: 已确认状态页。本阶段未结构化带日期的重大事件。
Bybit: SATOS partnership terms are regional/partner-scoped; not applied as global Bybit custody. Added PoR wallet-disclosure claim only.
Bybit: 本阶段未收录经确认的一次事件记录。
Binance: ADGM Nest trio roles mapped from official ADGM Terms; Binance FZE mapped from FZE Terms + VARA VL/24/04/001. Do not treat any single entity licence as brand-wide global authorisation. Nest Trading Limited role kept as unknown enum (broker-dealer/off-exchange per terms) pending richer role taxonomy.
Aster: Terms/Privacy remain brand-only 'Aster'; no discrete corporate legal name confirmed. Re-audited 2026-09-13: keep THIN; do not invent fills.
Aster: 未找到监管机构许可／注册标识。条款禁止部分司法辖区，但未建立授权记录。
Coinbase: No crypto-native PoR snapshot row. SEC/audited financials and customer-asset safeguarding disclosures remain separate transparency (see attributedStatements) — not mapped into por[].